Program Your Minicomputer in FOCAL

This article introduces FOCAL (FOrmula CALculator), a high-level, conversational programming language developed for small, general-purpose digital computers with limited core memory (4000 words). FOCAL is characterized by its interpretive nature, user-oriented commands, and ability to run asynchronously. Key features include:

• Memory Efficiency: Uses mnemonic-based commands that allow for both full or abbreviated input.
• Diagnostic Capability: Extensive error reporting and debugging tools, including a trace feature and a 'modify' command for quick corrections.
• Versatility: Includes support for real-time data acquisition, input/output facilities, and advanced math functions.
• Flexibility: Allows users to define system limits and memory configurations during initial load, and offers a desk-calculator mode for simple arithmetic.

The article includes comprehensive tables of FOCAL commands, functions, mathematical operators, and error diagnostic codes, demonstrating its utility in laboratory and engineering environments.